There are a wide range of sources of bio-organic fertilizer, mainly in several categories:
- Agricultural wastes are mainly rural straws and livestock manure. As more and more agricultural wastes are produced, they will pollute the environment if they are not handled properly.
- Domestic waste, such as food waste, street waste and other wastes. With the rapid development of the world economy, people’s living standards are getting better and better, and the amount of domestic waste generated is increasing day by day. Domestic waste not only pollutes the surrounding area and affects the living environment, but also spreads diseases, becoming a problem that cannot be ignored in hindering urban development.
- Municipal sludge. With the development of cities, the number and scale of sewage treatment plants continue to grow, resulting in a large amount of sludge. In order to protect the environment and utilize resources, the disposal and utilization of sludge is an issue that should arouse widespread attention. Sewage sludge is very valuable as a source of plant nutrients, soil organic matter, alkaline stabilizing materials, and lime agents.
Bio-organic fertilizer process, the traditional bio-organic fertilizer production process mainly adopts two fermentation methods: compost fermentation and aerobic ventilation fermentation. Composting is the use of microorganisms to mineralize and humify agricultural wastes, household garbage, sludge and other materials, and eventually become decomposed fertilizers. The traditional composting method has slow decomposition of organic matter and long fermentation time, and it is easy to produce malodorous gas during the composting process, and the fertilizer efficiency of the product is low. Aerobic fermentation mainly uses aerobic bacteria to degrade organic wastes and compost them to maturity. Aerobic fermentation mainly uses aerobic bacteria to degrade organic wastes and compost them to maturity. The gas produced in the process of aerobic fermentation is directly discharged into the air, causing pollution to the atmosphere, and at the same time, some organic fertilizer nutrients will be lost with the steam.
With the advancement of science and technology, the production technology of bio-organic fertilizer has been continuously improved. The core of the research on the improvement of bio-organic fertilizer production is the development of fermentation inoculants. The microbial activity in the fermentation process is the key to the performance of the fertilizer. By adding microbial agents with specific functions to the fermentation process, the humification efficiency is improved, the quality of the product fertilizer is improved, and the fermentation time can be shortened, and the production cost can be reduced. The application of bio-organic fertilizer meets the requirements of environmental protection and energy saving. With the improvement of people’s living standards, people’s demand for green organic food is increasing. Therefore, the application prospect of bio-organic fertilizer is very broad.