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First, the classification of compost

Plant material such as crop stalks, green manure, weeds, etc., mixed with soil, human excrement, garbage, etc., and is decomposed by aerobic microorganisms. It is mostly used as base fertilizer, and the application amount is large, which can provide nutrients and improve soil properties, especially for improving sandy soil, clay soil and saline soil.

The method of making compost manure are divided into high-temperature composting and ordinary composting according to different raw materials. Aerobic method of composting uses plant matter with high fiber content as the main raw material. It is composted and fermented under aeration conditions, producing a lot of heat, and the temperature inside the compost is high (60-70 ° C), so it is fast decomposed, composted quickly, and has high nutrient content.

The high temperature fermentation process can kill the germs, insect eggs and weed seeds. Ordinary compost is generally mixed with more soil, the fermentation temperature is low, the composting process is slow, and the composting time is long. During compost fertilizer from cow dung, the chemical composition of nutrients is changed, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen is reduced, the mineral nutrients that can be directly absorbed by plants increase, and humus is formed.

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1. High-temperature composting method, in the leeward and sunny place near the water source, according to the proportion of straw, manure, animal and plant residues, sludge, etc., add some manure containing pyrolytic bacteria (such as mule manure or its extract) or fermented manure Stacked compost. The temperature in the compost is controlled at about 60°C for about half a month, which can fully kill the pathogenic bacteria, parasite eggs and weed seeds in the compost. Live maggots, pupae, or newly emerged adults.

2. Common composting method, composting is carried out under anaerobic conditions. Generally, semi-pit composting is used, that is, a rectangular pit is dug, and organic fertilizers such as straw, manure, animal and plant nitrogen sources and soil are piled up layer by layer. Shape it into a steamed bun, press it tightly, and turn it over after 1 month. Put the poorly decomposed one at the bottom and seal it with soil. 1-2 months in summer and autumn, and 3-4 months in winter. This composting method is convenient to make fertilizer, but it takes a long time and the degree of decomposing is uneven.

2. Good conditions for compost to decompose

1. Moisture. Maintaining proper water content is the primary condition for promoting microbial activity and compost fermentation. Generally, 60%-75% of the maximum water holding capacity of the compost material is appropriate. You can use a de-watering machine to adjust water in your raw materials.

2, ventilation. Maintaining proper air in the heap is conducive to the reproduction and activity of aerobic microorganisms and promotes the decomposition of organic matter. When composting at high temperature, more attention should be paid to the tightness of the stack to facilitate ventilation. Therefore, you need a manure compost machine.

3. Maintain a neutral or slightly alkaline environment. An appropriate amount of lime or calcareous soil can be added to neutralize and adjust the acidity and promote the reproduction and activity of microorganisms.

4. Carbon to nitrogen ratio. The carbon-nitrogen ratio for the normal decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms is 25:1. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of legume green manure is 15-25:1, the weed is 25-45:1, and the grass stem is 60-100:1. Therefore, according to the type of compost material, an appropriate amount of high nitrogen-containing substances should be added to reduce the carbon-nitrogen ratio and promote microbial activity. Some bases make their own organic fertilizers by purchasing chicken manure, pig manure, etc., while livestock and poultry manure cannot be used directly, and must be fermented and decomposed before they can be safely used. The immature organic fertilizer contains certain pathogenic bacteria, viruses, nematodes, root mites, weed seeds, etc., which lead to frequent plant diseases and overgrown weeds in the field; at the same time, the immature organic fertilizer produces harmful gases during the process of composting chicken manure for fertilizer, which is easy to cause burning. Root, soil water shortage and other hazards.

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3. Stacked materials

It is mainly composed of main material, auxiliary material, leavening agent or quicklime. The main material is cow, sheep, pig, and rabbit feces, accounting for about 80%; the auxiliary materials are various crop straws, fungus residues, litter, sawdust, etc., accounting for about 20%; other: starter (if conditions can be purchased, no need)

Fourth, the composting period

During spring, summer and autumn, the outdoor temperature is kept above 20℃ for composting.

5. Venue selection

Choose open land with sunny, slightly higher terrain, favorable drainage and convenient transportation.

6. Stacking method

The preparation of organic fertilizer is to mix the main materials and auxiliary materials, adjust the moisture (the moisture is controlled at about 60%), build the pile (2 meters wide, 1 meter high, and the length is not limited), and seal the pile (each 1-2 meters in the pile is inserted into the pile). Ventilation holes or small handfuls of corn stalks, provide oxygen channels for microorganisms, cover with plastic sheets), turn the heap (when the temperature in the heap reaches 60 ℃, turn the heap with a compost turner machine).

7. Decomposition check

The organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed. Criteria for decomposing completion:

1. The heap temperature drops below 40°C and remains unchanged.

2. The humidity of the compost is below 35%, there is no odor of raw materials, and there is a slight smell of ammonia.

3. The decomposed compost is dark brown, and the juice is light brown or colorless.

4. White hyphae are produced in the heap.

There are numerous kinds of equipment that you can use for creating fertilizer granules. This is basically the most useful strategy for storing fertilizer, perhaps for many years, but you will must have the appropriate equipment for combining materials. By utilizing the dry granulation method, you can expedite their creation of this fertilizer, despite the smallest units that are available. They implement the dry granulation method, enabling you to pelletizer all of the fertilizer you might be produced with the composting process. This is what you may expect if you choose to obtain one of these brilliant machines that can produce fertilizer granules in this manner.

Different Types Of Dry Granulation Equipment

There are 2 very popular types of dry granulating machines that are widely used to form granules for this reason. This can include a slugging machine, together with a roller compactor, each of which have positives and negatives. Each of them can do producing countless pellets every year. However, many of the businesses make use of the roller compactor simply as it is in far more efficient kind of machinery. It might easily use the dry materials that you will be providing and condense it in to the pellets that you just will use as fertilizer.

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How Come Fertilizer Granules Stay Together?

There are additives that you can use in the fertilizer to ensure the full mixture stays together. It depends regarding how you might be categorizing the fertilizers you will be using. Additionally, it is dependent upon the mixture of materials that you will be piecing together. It is extremely common to produce NPK fertilizer. Nitrogen is probably the most critical aspects of any kind of soil you are planting in. Furthermore you will need to use phosphorus and potassium to have that proper balance. This is held together by binders that may interconnect together with the fertilizer. To help make this work, you need to recognize the functions of  drying granulating machines

How Do These Appliances Work?

The main reason they are able to produce fertilizer pellets on the principle of wet granulation is due to a rotating motion. The raw materials are simply clumped into balls. They can also be made into cylindrical pellets which can also be stored. The rate from which the equipment returns will define how fast the pellets might be produced. If you are by using a pan granulator, or rotary drum granulator, the procedure is always the same. Just make sure that you are utilizing a regular power supply to keep up our prime speeds necessity for this method to operate.

Dry granulation is probably the most advantageous way to store fertilizer. By removing the moisture in the mixture that you are increasing the program, you may ensure that the pellets will dry and maintain their integrity. Creating fertilizer granules is just not that hard to do together with the proper equipment. It must take only some hours, from beginning to end, to make many bags of the material. After that you can store what remains, or market it for some other farmers, that can be helped by the fertilizer you will be producing by using these machines.

The new type organic fertilizer granulator is composed of many neatly arranged spiral-shaped stirring teeth in its internal structure. It is also called an internal rotating stirring-tooth granulator. It is one of the special equipment for organic fertilizer granulation. Many raw materials with large water content are granulated, so it is also called wet granulator, which is widely used in the granulation of organic fertilizer chemical raw materials. Due to the high rate of granulation, stable operation, the fertilizer granulator machine is durable and long service life.

The internal rotary tooth granulator developed and produced by FPC has more than Φ600, Φ800, Φ1000 specifications. Other specifications of stirring tooth granulator can also be developed and produced according to user requirements. The shell of the granulator is made of thick seamless steel pipe, which is strong and durable without deformation. Coupled with a stable base design, it runs more smoothly.

The working principle of the new organic fertilizer granulator: the new organic fertilizer granulator uses the high-speed rotating mechanical stirring force and the resulting aerodynamic force to continuously mix the fine powder in the machine, granulate, spheroidize, and compact And so on, so as to achieve the purpose of granulation.

The particle shape is spherical, the sphericity is ≥0.7, the particle size is generally between 0.3-3 mm, and the granulation rate is ≥90%. The particle diameter can be appropriately adjusted by the mixing amount of the material and the spindle speed. Generally, the lower the mixing amount, the rotation speed The higher the particle size, the smaller the particle size, and vice versa.

Application range: The new organic fertilizer granulation machine is especially suitable for the granulation of light and fine powder materials. The finer the basic particles of the fine powder material, the higher the sphericity of the particles, and the better the quality of the pellets. Typical application materials: chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure, charcoal, clay, kaolin, etc. It is specially used for granulation of urban domestic waste organic fermented fertilizer such as organic fertilizer raw materials, livestock and poultry manure, compost fertilizer, green manure, sea manure, cake fertilizer, grass charcoal, soil and miscellaneous fertilizer, three wastes, microorganisms, etc. The particles are spherulites.

The qualified granulation rate of the new organic fertilizer granulator is as high as 80-90% or more. It is suitable for a variety of different formulas. The compressive strength of organic fertilizer is higher than that of discs and drums, the large ball rate is less than 15%, and the uniformity of particle size. It can be adjusted by the stepless speed regulation function of this machine according to user requirements. This machine is more suitable for the direct granulation of organic fertilizer after fermentation, which saves the drying process and greatly reduces the manufacturing cost.

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In the organic fertilizer production industry, there are many types of equipment that can make organic fertilizer, and there are different supporting equipment according to different materials. We use poultry manure as raw material to analyze the two different organic fertilizer production of drum granulator and disc granulator.

The advantages and disadvantages of each granulator.

Disc granulation process characteristics:

The operation is intuitive, and the operation of the equipment can be grasped at any time. If an abnormality is found, the size of the particles can be adjusted in time. It is determined by the inclination and rotation speed of the disc, and the inclination and rotation speed of the disc can be adjusted. The control range of the particle size is wide, the adaptability is strong, and the ball formation rate is very high, which can reach 70% to 90%. The livestock manure organic fertilizer disc granulation process has short production process, simple structure, low investment and easy operation, which is more suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises.

Characteristics of drum granulation process:

Steam is introduced into the material layer in the drum to increase the temperature of the granulated material, dissolve the salt of the granulated material, and achieve a high liquid phase volume under low moisture content to meet the liquid phase volume required for material granulation. At the same time, the amount of evaporated water in the drying process is reduced. The inner wall of the drum is lined with a number of soft rubber plates or polypropylene plates, and there are vent holes at the corresponding positions on the cylinder. When the inner lining turns from the bottom to the upper with the cylinder at the same time, the inner lining sags due to its own weight, thereby causing adhesion The material on the inner lining falls due to gravity to achieve the function of automatically cleaning the conglomerate. During the operation, the operator can observe the ball formation of the material at any time, and take corresponding measures in time as needed to ensure the normal operation of the system.

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FPC disc granulator has the following advantages: high spheroidization rate, high roundness and strength of particles, intuitive operation, convenient maintenance, etc.

The working principle of the disc granulator: The powdered fertilizer is evenly moistened by the atomized water in the double-shaft mixer to form a spherical core with a uniform particle size, and then sent to the spherical disc for granulation. The moisture content of raw materials should be controlled at 12~14%. Most of the water should be added in the double-shaft mixer, and only a small amount of supplemental water should be added to the ball pan, and the supplemental water amount should be controlled at about 0~3%. Dry powder granulation is directly added to the ball-forming disc, and an appropriate amount of water is sprayed. After the raw material ball core enters the ball-forming disc, it moves along a parabola under the action of centrifugal force, friction and gravity in the disc. Due to the cohesiveness and plasticity of the material, the cores adhere to each other and gradually grow up during the movement. When the inclination angle of the ball disc, the high speed of the disc edge and the water content are constant, the material balls of different particle sizes will leave the disc edge and roll down at different detachment angles due to different gravity. The material ball continuously pushes the water out of the surface during the continuous rolling process. Due to the cohesiveness of the material and the natural volatilization of the surface liquid film, the material ball has a certain strength, and then with the rotation of the inclined plate body The edge of the disc is discharged out of the disc.

Stirring-teeth granulator:

The new type of organic fertilizer granulator is also called a spiral stirring tooth structure due to its internal structure , Granulation, spheroidization, densification and other processes, so as to achieve the purpose of granulation. The particle shape is spherical, the particle size is generally between 0.3-3 mm, and the granulation rate is 90%. The size of the particle diameter can be appropriately adjusted by the mixing amount of the material and the spindle speed. Generally, the lower the mixing amount, the higher the rotation speed, and the larger the particle size. Small, and vice versa. Application range: This machine is especially suitable for the granulation of light and fine powder materials. The finer the basic particles of the fine powder material, the higher the sphericity of the particles, and the better the quality of the pellets. It is generally required that the particle size of the material before granulation should be less than 200 mesh. Typical application materials: chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure, carbon black, clay, kaolin, etc.

It is dedicated to the granulation of municipal solid waste organic fermented fertilizer such as manure, compost, green manure, sea manure, cake manure, grass charcoal, soil and miscellaneous manure, three wastes, microorganisms, etc. The particles are spherulites. The granulation rate of the machine is as high as 80-90%, and it is suitable for a variety of different formulas. The compressive strength of organic fertilizer is higher than that of discs and drums. The rate of large balls is less than 15%. The uniformity of particle size can be customized according to user requirements. It is adjusted through the stepless speed regulation function of this machine. This machine is suitable for the direct granulation of organic fertilizer after fermentation, which saves the drying process and greatly reduces the manufacturing cost.

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China is a big consumer of chemical fertilizer. The production of chemical fertilizer consumes a lot of resources, such as coal and electricity, causing serious damage to the environment. At present, the country is accelerating the transition to green energy development.

Using fertilizer granulator to produce granular organic fertilizer can effectively improve soil and soil nutrients, protect the environment, and bring huge social benefits.

What are the characteristics of the organic fertilizer production line? This is a short summary:

Pan Granulation Compound Fertilizer Production Line

1. Organic fertilizer has wide applicability. It is suitable for manure, sludge, straw, charcoal and other coarse fiber organic fertilizer. It can be granulated directly when the moisture is about 30%.
2. The granulator of organic fertilizer production line has the advantages of low operation cost, no need of drying, crushing and other processes, high ball formation rate and high survival rate of biological bacteria.

Process characteristics of Zhengzhou sx in one organic fertilizer production line
The process flow of organic fertilizer production line generally includes: batching, mixing, granulation, drying, cooling, packaging, etc.
The equipment layout design is reasonable, which effectively reduces the energy consumption. The whole set of equipment has high stability and low maintenance cost. The granulation rate of organic fertilizer production line is very high. It can produce various concentrations of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer.
Zhengzhou SX organic fertilizer production line can meet the requirements of customers, can meet the production capacity of 10000 to 100000 tons of equipment. It uses non drying room temperature process to produce molding and granulation, with high efficiency and low investment.

More detailed info, go to https://www.wastetofertilizer.com/fertilizer-granulation-plant/

The reason of wear of the shell of double roller granulator
Zhengzhou SX professional technicians will analyze the reasons for the wear of the roller shell on the compound fertilizer production line on the roller granulator

1. raw material moisture, pH

The roller sleeve is made of stainless steel. It reacts strongly with the pH value of the substance. Improper moisture and pH of the material will cause acid-base corrosion on the roller surface and damage the roller surface.

2. material factors

Roller extruder mainly deals with dry powder materials. Due to the different hardness of the material, uneven forces will be produced during extrusion and ball formation, which will increase the wear of roller skin. From the perspective of material factors, the other factor is the uniformity of the raw material particle size. Different sizes of raw materials also lead to uneven force and wear of roller sleeve.

3. feed uniformity coefficient

The center of the axis of the parallel bar of the extruder is parallel to the surface of the roll skin. If the feed is seriously uneven, one end feeds more and the other end is fed less, it will cause uneven force at both ends of the roller, increase the friction between the roller and the material, and cause the roller to wear.

Measures to reduce the wear of the roller shell in the compound fertilizer production line of the roller extruder:
In the process of pelletizing of the roller extrusion granulator, the roller skin is inevitably worn.

However, if used properly, it can effectively reduce the wear of the roller skin, thus extending the service life of the roller skin. According to the above factors, the following aspects can reduce the wear of the granulator.

1. for materials with high moisture content and high pH value, inspection and adjustment shall be carried out.

2. roller material, it is very necessary to select the cylinder cover with good material, wear resistance, torsion resistance and corrosion resistance.

3. in order to supply working materials, the uniformity of feed must be controlled to avoid wear caused by uneven axial force of roller.
Effective maintenance is an important means to reduce wear.

In conclusion, the damage factors should be avoided in the daily operation of the compound fertilizer production line from to the roller extruder. Therefore, manual and conventional use can reduce the wear of the pelletizing roller of extruder, prolong the service life and reduce unnecessary waste.

Through harmless treatment and resource utilization of feces, the green development of animal husbandry was implemented to realize the circulation of agriculture and animal husbandry and zero emission, and the pollution problem of livestock and poultry breeding was solved. Organic fertilizer comes from nature, and its nutrient release is uniform. It can obviously improve crop quality. It is an ideal fertilizer for producing high-quality agricultural products and engaging in ecological agriculture.

Some characteristics of chicken manure:

Chicken manure is rich in nutrients, especially nitrogen, because it contains urine.
They are more acidic than most fertilizer sources and are therefore particularly suitable for acid loving plants.
They are also often very hot and burn plants if applied fresh.
Cooling the composting chicken dungs and reducing the risk of pathogens is strongly recommended.
Chicken manure releases most of its nutrients into the soil in the first year of application.
By making chicken manure into granules, we can bring more nutrients with less load over a longer distance, thus providing value to farmers.
In addition to concentrated nutrients, chicken manure particles are easy to handle and store, making them a viable breeding option for almost any scale operation.

Chicken manure treatment method:

1. The chicken manure was directly dried by a chicken manure drying machine;
2. In traditional fermentation, it usually takes 1-3 months to reach the maturity of traditional fermentation (open-air). The odor around it is bad, and there are a large number of mosquitoes and flies. With the development of rapid fermentation with fermentation agent at home and abroad, it shows that adding specific microbial flora to chicken manure can effectively promote the degradation of organic matter, accelerate the decomposition rate of chicken manure, and help to eliminate the odor causing harmful bacteria substances and reduce the environmental pollution. The main fermentation bacteria and organic fertilizer fermentation and throwing equipment and organic fertilizer equipment play a key role in the fermentation of chicken manure, including chicken manure organic fertilizer fermentation equipment, organic fertilizer grinder, organic fertilizer mixing equipment, organic fertilizer granulating equipment, organic fertilizer dryer, organic fertilizer cooler, organic fertilizer drum screening machine, organic fertilizer coating machine, organic fertilizer packaging machine, etc